Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) accumulation in the extra cellular environment contributes to the breakdown of axons (nerve fibers).
Gut bacteria play an important role in NAD production. NAD boosting effect of oral NAM (nicotinamide) NR (nicotinamide riboside) is largely dependent on gut bacteria breaking them down to nicotinic acid, and that nicotinic acid being processed via Preiss Handler pathway. Nicotinic acid highly efficient at boosting NAD in mammals.
This research used stable isotope tracing and microbiota-depleted mice to reveal that salvage NAD+ precursor supplements like nicotinamide (NAM) and nicotinamide ribose (NMR) don't actually boost NAD+, but depend on bacteria to first convert them into nicotinic acid. And that the resulting nicotinic acid is the converts to NAD+ via the Preiss Handler pathway.
Higher levels of nicotinic acid in blood are strongly correlated with better hearing ability in 42 Japanese senior men.
Most "niacin" products are niacinamide. If you want the form discussed in this research, look for nicotinic acid specifically.
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