TNF-alpha
Studies (10)
Emerging roles of GPR109A in regulation of neuroinflammation in neurological diseases and pain
Summary of GPR109A (niacin receptor) role in inflammation of the nervous system, especially the brain, and how activation of GPR109A plays a role in healing may conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and pathological pain.
Effect of Different Levels of Niacin on Serum Biochemical Parameters, Antioxidant Status, Cytokine Levels, Inflammatory Gene Expression and Colonic Microbial Composition in Weaned Piglets
Piglets separated from their mother in agriculture tend to struggle health wise. Supplementing their diet with niacin significantly improves their survivability via factors like improved colonic microbial diversity, intestinal health, reduced intestinal inflammation and improved overall immunity.
Inflammation stimulates niacin receptor (GPR109A/HCA2) expression in adipose tissue and macrophages
Many of the beneficial and adverse effects of niacin are mediated via GPR109, which is highly expressed in adipose tissue and macrophages. Multiple infectious and inflammatory stimuli stimulate GPR109A expression in adipose tissue and in macrophages.
The Effect of Melatonin on Thrombosis, Sepsis and Mortality Rate in COVID-19 Patients
Single-center, open-label, randomized clinical trial done on Covid patients in Iraq to study melatonin supplementation for Covid treatment. All 158 patients got standard care, 82 of those patients ate 10mg melatonin each night. Thrombosis and sepsis developed significantly less in melatonin group. 13 patients in control group died vs 1 person in the melatonin group.
Anti-inflammatory effects of nicotinic acid
Niacin has multi-faceted anti inflammatory properties that act in both localized and systemic ways. A major area of its activity is in tissue related to fat storage via the GPR109A receptor. Dosing cells with TNF-alpha ( an inflammatory substance ) showed that niacin treated cells increased the atheroprotective hormone adiponectin and reduced macrophage chemotaxis
Niacin attenuates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced mouse alveolar macrophages by HCA2 dependent mechanisms
Explores protective effect of niacin on lung tissue by dosing mouse lung white blood cells with niacin and exposing them to inflammatory toxins (Lipopolysaccharides). This demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects of niacin ( reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) and that the protective effect depends on expression of GPR109A.
Niacin attenuates lung inflammation and improves survival during sepsis by downregulating the nuclear factor-κB pathway
Rats injected with e coli bacteria to induce lung inflammation survived better with high dose (~1% of diet) niacin supplementation. The reduced lung inflammation and damage was associated with downregulation of the NF-κB (Nuclear Factor Kappa B) pathway.
Network Pharmacology and bioinformatics analyses identify intersection genes of niacin and COVID-19 as potential therapeutic targets
Computer modeling shows niacin a key to therapy for covid via enhancing the immune system, inhibiting inflammation and regulating cellular microenvironment.
Melatonin as a master regulator of cell death and inflammation: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications for newborn care
Supplementing melatonin is safe. Melatonin is a potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, it's found in all cells and can easily cross all physiological barriers in body. Melatonin levels decreases with age. Melatonin therapy looks promising for a wide range of health issues in newborn babies.
Niacin and its metabolites as master regulators of macrophage activation
The focus is on how niacin and its metabolites enable white blood cells to react to a changing microenvironment (macrophage plasticity). It also discusses the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory aspects of niacin.